Float weaving with semi-oriental jacquard



May 3o, 196i R. B. PATTERSON FLOAT wEAv'ING WITH SEMI-ORIENTAL JACQUARD 'Filed Nov. 25 1957 Y May 30, 1961 R. B. PATTERSON 2,986,170

FLOAT WEAVING WITH SEMI-ORIENTAL JACQUARD Filed Nov. 25, 195'?l uw@ Rf, @Q5 f/f 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 30, 1961 R. B. PATTERsoN A 2,986,170

FLOAT WEAVING WITH SEMI-ORIENTAL JACQUARD Filed Nov. 25, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 FLOAT WEAVING WITH SEMI-ORIENTAL JACQUARD Filed Nov. 25, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 United States Patent FLOAT WEAVING WITH SEMI-ORIENTAL JACQUARD Raymond B. Patterson, Glasgow, Va., assgnor to James Lees and Sons Company, Bridgeport, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Nov. 25, 1957, Ser. No. 698,557

4 Claims. (Cl. 139-59) 'the ability to produce the complete range of pile yarn effects which are desired in present fabrics of this type.

A primary object of the invention, therefore, is to provide in a single index, stationary grate jacquard of the semi-oriental type, means for selectively controlling each lingo heddle to weave over or under a pile wire and its associated filling shot and then over or under a subsequently inserted bottom filling shot.

A further object of the invention is to provide a jacquard capable of Weaving a semi-oriental pile fabric having high oats.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a semioriental jacquard means for weaving a oat pile fabric without the use of stationary knives.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for weaving a oat pile fabric with a jacquard having a single index and a stationary grate.

Further objects will be apparent from the specification and drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic view partly sectioned of a semioriental jacquard constructed in accordance with the present invention,

Fig. la illustrates the position of the lingo heddles and pile yarns in the shed corresponding to Fig. 1,

Fig. 2 illustrates the mechanism of Fig. 1 in a moved position with the high lift knives raised,

Fig. 2a is a view corresponding to Fig. la showing the position of the warps and lingo heddles corresponding to Fig. 2,

Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 2 showing the next step in the cycle in which the -low lift knives are raised, and the high lift knives are lowered for insertion of the bottom shot,

Fig. 3a indicates the position of the warp yarns and the lingo heddles when the bottom shot is inserted, and

Figs. 4-11 are both weftwise and warpwise weave diagrams illustrating the variations permissible with the jacquard construction in accordance with the present invention.

The invention comprises essentially the provision in a semi-oriental jacquard of two hooks tied to each lingo heddle. The hooks are actuated by separate needles from the jacquard cards and one hook can be controlled to engage or miss the knives of the low lift griff, whereas the other hook can be controlled by the jacquard cards to Yengage or miss the knives of the high lift griff. Control of the pile yarns for both the top and bottom shots is achieved by single index of the lacquard cylinder, and the Patented May 30, 1961 Referring now more particularly to the drawings, Fig. 1 l

shows a series of high lift semi-oriental jacquard vhooks 10, '11, 12, and 13. The heads 14 on each hook are positioned to be selectively engaged with the knives 15, 16, 17, and 18 of a high lift griff which is elevated tothe position shown in broken lines at 20. The low lift hooks 21, 22, 23, and 24 are positioned to be selectively engaged or disengaged by means of the heads 25 on each hook with low lift knives 26, 27, 28, and 29. All of the hooks are provided with reverse bends at their bottom ends and are supported when not engaged with the knives on a stationary grate 30. The high and low lift hooks are tied in pairs to single lingo heddles 31, 32, 33, and 34 so that hooks 10 and 21 control lingo 31, hooks 11 and 22 control heddle 32, hooks 12 and 23 control heddle 33, and hooks 13 and 24 control heddle 34. Each lingo heddle is provided with the usual weight 35, and the arrangement of the lingo heddles and harness cords in the loomis otherwise conventional. The semi-oriental jacquard is conventional in all respects not illustrated in Fig. 1 and is provided with a cylinder 40 having a plurality of faces having aligning lugs 41, 41 which position a'series of jacquard cards 42, 42 as they are sequentially presented to the cylinder. The cylinder 40 oscillates in timed relation to the mechanism of the loom to present each card against the ends of needles 45-52 inclusive. Each needle has an offset which engages and controls its associated hook as shown in Fig. 1. The needles are spring loaded by a series of compression springs 55 mounted in frame 56. Each jacquard card 42 is provided with a series of punched holes, one of which is shown at 57, where the design of the fabric calls for non-actuation of the needle 46 associated with the hole 57. Where the needle is to be actuated, such,`for example, as needle 52, the jacquard card remains blank.

With the foregoing description in mind, the actual operating cycle of a series of jacquard movements which provide the range in designing a pile fabric with the present invention will be described. In the position of Fig. l when the cylinder 40 indexes against the ends vof needles 45-52, the hooks will either be displaced or remain in their unmoved position depending upon whether a suitable hole was punched in the particular jacquard card 42. Starting with hooks 24 and V13, it will be seen that needle 46 for high lift hook 13 has been Vpunched or cut so that the head 14 'of this hook "will be engaged by the knife 118 when it is raised. "Ihe needle 45 for 'hook 24 was blanked on the card 42 and, therefore, it was pivoted from the normal aterest position, shown in dotted lines, to engage with the low lift knife 29. After indexing, the high lift griff, comprising knives 15-18, is elevated as shown in Fig. 2 so that the pile wire 60 and the top shot 61 ('Fig. 2a) can be inserted in the shed. Fig. 2 shows heddle 34 raised to pull the yarn controlled by this heddle over the wire 60. This is because hook 13 is elevated by the high lift griff to the position shown in Fig. 2. The high lift knives then lower and the low rlift knives are elevated as shown in Fig. 3. This is the position at which the bottom shot 62 is inserted (Fig. 3a). The reed `63 has in the meantime beaten up the wire60 and top shot 61. Hook 13 is nowlowered but `hook 24 has been raised to a mid-position by its associated low lift y `knife 29. This action raises the pile Warp controlled -by `heddle 34 to a mid-position shown in Fig. 3a over the bottom shot 62. The cylinder 40 is then retracted and turned to present the next card 42 and the'cycle'repeats. Since the pile yarn controlled by rlre`ddle34'was selected togo over both the `pile wire 60 and the Abottom shot 62, it will not be bound down intothe'fabric 3 and, therefore, forms a high float such as shown, for example, at 70 in Fig. 4. If it is desired that this pile yarn 70 continue to form high floats, the cards 42 will be cut just as Was the previously described card, namely to blank needle 45 and punch needle 46.

Returning to Fig. l, the selection at indexing for carrying a pile yarn between the top and bottom shots 61 and 62 or running dead in the fabric is shown by the position of needles 47 and 48 which control hooks 12 and 23. The card 42 has been blanked for needle 48, thus throwing the hook 12 out of alignment with the high lift knife 17. Card 42, however, is also blanked for needle 47, thus throwing hook 23 into engagement with the low lift knife 28. Fig. 2 shows that neither hook 12 nor 23 is selected in the rst part of the cycle when the high lift knives are elevated. This means that the pile yarn controlled by lingo heddle 33 remains under the top shot as shown in Fig. 2a. In the next step of the cycle shown in Fig. 3, hook 33 is raised by its associated knife 28 to position the pile yarn controlled by heddle 33 over the bottom shot 62 as shown in Fig. 3a. The low lift knives then descend to the position shown in Fig. l. Cylinder 4l) retracts, turns, and presents the next card 42 in the sequence.

To weave a pile yarn over a wire and then bind it in on the next bottom shot or through to the back requires the card 42 to be cut as shown in Fig. l to engage hook 11 with knife 16 by punching the card and to disengage the hook 22 with knife 27 by also punching the card for needle 49. Following the cycle of operation shown in Fig. 2, heddle 32 is raised by hook 11 and the high lift knife 16. This, of course, elevates the pile yarn controlled by heddle 32 to the top of the shed shown in Fig. 2a to weave over both the top shot 61 and the wire 60. In the next part of the cycle for the bottom shot the high lift knives are down but hook 22 is not raised when its associated low lift knife 27 raises, so that the pile yarn controlled by heddle 32 weaves under the bottom shot as shown in Fig. 3a.

For weaving completely through to the back or for floating on the back which may be desirable under certain conditions, for example, to weave a name or symbol on the back of the carpet, a jacquard card is cut to blank the needle 52 controlling hook 10 and punched for the needle 51 controlling hook 21. In Fig. 2 the hook remains down under the top shot and the wire by heddle 31 weaves under the top shot and the wire in Fig. 2a. When the low lift knives are raised as shown in Fig. 3, the pile yarn in heddle 31 still remains down since hook 21 is not engaged by its associated knife 26. Therefore, this pile yarn will run under both the top and bottom shots and remain not bound-in on the back of the fabric until it is called for by a different cutting of a subsequent card 42.

This improved jacquard provides a far wider range of fabrics than the conventional semi-oriental jacquard. The modifications are not costly and no change is necessary in the number of indexes per cycle or the action of the high and low lift griff. Each pile yarn can be selectively controlled to weave over or under every shot on a single index. Since the pile wire is inserted with one of the shots (preferably the top shot as shown in Fig. 2a), a selected pile yarn for over the top shot is also over the wire. Otherwise a complete control of the yarns is possible with only a high and low lift semi-oriental jacquard.

Typical weaves capable of being produced in a twoshot, three-frame, Wilton-type fabric are shown in Figs. 4-11. The cards for controlling pile yarn G have been cut to provide a high float at 70 and 71. Yarn G then is carried through to the back at 72 as described in conjunction with hooks 11 and 22, thence it weaves over the next pile wire 60a. Pile yarn R also has a high oat over two wires at 73, then down under the bottom shot at 74, thence over both Wires 60C and 60h and down through to the back at 75. Pile yarn B has a staggered high oat at 76, then weaves through to the back at 77 over wires 60a and 60b. Fig. 5 which is a section as seen at S-S of Fig. 4 shows a typical three-frame, twoshot construction with top shots 61, bottom shots 62, double stuffers S, S, and single opposed chain warps 80, 81. In Fig. 6 a variation is shown in which yarn G weaves through to the back at 82, then under the next top shot 61a and over the following wire. This same sequence may be duplicated in staggered relation by each frame, namely, yarns R and B. Fig. 7 illustrates this weave in section as seen at 7 7 of Fig. 6. An interesting variation is shown in Fig. 8 in which one of the pile yarns R runs dead between all the top shots and all the bottom shots. The other two yarns form pile so that yarn B weaves through to the back and over two succeeding pile wires 60a and 60b but under wire 60e. Therefore, yarn B forms only high iloats. Yarn G, however, is carried through to the back under bottom shot 62a, thence up over a single wire 60a` and immediately through to the back again under shot 62b. It then weaves upwardly and over wires 60a and 60b to provide a high iloat but slightly shorter in length than the high float in yarn B. Thus, a very interesting design eect can be achieved. Fig. 9 shows a cross section of the weave of Fig. 8 taken at 9 9. Where it is desired to use only one frame, the other two yarns, for example R and G, run dead in the back of the fabric and yarn B weaves through to the back and over every pile Wire 60. Alternatively, yarn B can be carried over more than one wire if desired. A cross section of this weave showing two frames running dead appears in Fig. ll as seen at 11-11 of Fig. l0.

It will thus be understood that I have provided an improved jacquard for a semi-oriental loom having the ability to provide a wide range of individual pile yarn control without the necessity for expensive replacement of the jacquard. An important feature of the invention resides in the fact that the speed of production is not reduced since it is unnecessary to use more than one indexing per cycle for a two-shot fabric.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

l. In a semi-oriental jacquard having a set of high-lift knives, an intermeshing set of laterally aligned parallel low-lift knives movable sequentially from a bottom aligned position, a series of hooks each of which being selectively engageable with each of said sets of knives, a plurality of needles for actuating said hooks, a plurality of jacquard cards, a single cylinder for subsequently presenting each of said cards to all of said needles, a pluralty of lingo heddles, an actuating connection between pairs of hooks and each of said lingo heddles, one hook of each pair being controlled by a needle to selectively engage or disengage the low-lift knives, the other hook of each pair controlled by another needle to selectively engage or disengage the high-lift knives, and a stationary grate for normally supporting all of said hooks during a cylinder indexing operation when both of the knife sets are in said bottom intermeshed aligned position.

2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 in which the high-lift knives are actuated once for every card which is presented by the cylinder.

3. Apparatus in accordance with claim l in which the low-lift knives are actuated once for every card which is presented by the cylinder.

4. In the operation of a Wilton-type pile fabric carpet loorn having a semi-oriental jacquard with a stationary grate, the method which comprises the steps of supporting all pile warps on the stationary grate in a bottom position, simultaneously selecting certain rst pile warps for raising to a top position and certain other pile warps for raising to a mid position, raising only said rst pile warps to a top position, inserting a filling weft and a pile wire under said first pile warps and over said other pile warps, lowering said first pile warps, raising the other selected pile warps to a mid position, permitting all remaining warps to remain supported in a bottom position by the 5 grate, inserting a second filling weft between said other 2,075,303 raised warps and the remainder of the warps, lowering 2,136,064 said other warps to a bottom position supported by the 2,807,283 grate, and repeating the above cycle.

5 References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS ggg 767,942 Hodgson Aug. 16, 1904 6 Preston Mar. 30, 1937 Tandler et a1. Nov. 8, 1938 Janney et al. Sept. 24, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain of 1897 Great Britain Oct. 12, 1955 

